Glossary of terms

Networking

Computer networking is the practice of connecting computers and other devices to share resources and communicate with each other. It enables the exchange of data and information between devices, allowing them to work together and access shared resources like printers, files, and internet connections.

Computer networks can be wired or wireless and are built using a combination of hardware (such as routers, switches, and cables) and software (such as protocols and operating systems). Networking facilitates various services, including email communication, file sharing, accessing the internet, and remote access to resources, making it a fundamental part of modern computing and communication infrastructure.

Computer networks include hardware and software components that allow users to communicate and share information. Examples of software are protocols, links, and applications. Hardware includes hosts, servers, and routers. A disk drive, scanner, or printer may also be used as hardware.

The Association for Computing Machinery states that the following conditions must apply for effective network operations: installation of drivers, configuration of Internet protocol addresses, and naming of servers.

The two main types of networks are local area networks (LAN) and wide area networks (WAN).

The most basic type of network is a LAN, which will generally cover a small area like an office building or college campus. A WAN includes more area than a LAN and may connect multiple college campuses, businesses, or annexes in a particular area.

A WAN, such as the Internet, is a large connection of LANs and involves going through some type of relay system, such as a server or other computer.

Wireless versions of the local area and wide area networks incorporate the use of a router, which provides protection and security for a network. These protocols were standardized throughout the industry by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Wireless networking via LAN or WAN typically allows connectivity from a radius of up to 300 feet from the signal.

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